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Antiviral Agents

Respiratory viruses Herpesviruses HIV

Amantadine Acyclovir Zidovudine

Rimantadine Famciclovir Didanosine

Ribavirin Valacyclovir Zalcitabine

Ganciclovir Stavudine

Foscarnet Lamivudine

Cidofovir Nevirapine

Vidarabine Saquinavir

Trifluridine Indinavir

Ritonavir

Nelfinavir

Delavirdine

Amantadine/rimantadine -- Mechanism of Action

· adamantyl case structure interferes with transmembrane proton (H+) transport initiated by influenza A membrane protein M2

· blockage of H+ channel reduces intracellular acidification necessary for fusion of influenza A to host cell endosomal membranes and release of rind RNA

· influenza B lacks M2 protein

Amantadine/rimantadine -- Indications

· Prophylaxis of influenza A

· Treatment of influenza A

- efficacy greatest if given within 48 hours of onset of symptoms

- rimantadine does not have