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Bronchitis

Pathogenesis of Acute Bronchitis

Acute Bronchitis is an inflammatory reaction of the tracheobronchial tree usually caused by viral infection.

Usually a self-limiting illness that lasts 1-2 weeks, occurring mostly during the winter months. Environmental factors, such as cold and damp weather, pollution, cigarette smoke may worsen attacks.

It is usually caused by

Bacteria that may rarely cause acute bronchitis include Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae (TWAR), Streptococcus pneumoniae, H influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis, broncitis.

Diagnosis

Acute bronchitis usually presents as an acute productive cough, low-grade temperature, and no evidence of

Treatment

Although it is usually a self-limiting disease, antimicrobial treatment may be justified in some high risk patients to avoid disease progression. Drug selection should be based on coverage of M pneumoniae, S pneumoniae, and

Erythromycin base (Eramycin) 250-500 mg PO qid [250, 500 mg].

Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (Septra DS) 160/800 mg PO bid.

Doxycycline (Vibramycin)