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Vasculitis Syndromes and AIDS

Classification of Vasculitis Syndromes

The primary vasculitis syndromes are classified according to the size of the involved vessels:

Vasculitis of large arteries:

giant cell arteritis of the aged (temporal arteritis)

Takayasu's arteritis

Vasculitis of medium and small vessels:

classical polyarteritis nodosa

microscopic polyangiitis

infantile PAN (Kawasaki disease)

Wegener' s granulomatosis

Churg-Strauss vasculitis vasculitis, giant cell arteritis, temporal arteritis, Takayasu's arteritis, tamporal, vasulitis, Takasu's arteritis

Vasculitis of small vessels:

idiopathic hypersensitivity vasculitis, giant cell arteritis, temporal arteritis, Takayasu's arteritis vasculitis syndromes, vasculitis, giant cell arteritis, temporal arteritis, Takayasu's arteritis vasculitis

drug-induced

Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP)

essential mixed cryoglobulinemia

associated with vasculitis syndromes, vasculitis, giant cell arteritis, temporal arteritis, Takayasu's arteritis systemic rheumatic disease (R.A., S.L.E., Sjogren's)

infection-related vasculitis syndromes, vasculitis, giant cell arteritis, temporal arteritis, Takayasu's arteritis

malignancy

urticarial vasculitis

Pseudo-vasculitic syndromes

Fever, skin rash, and a multitude of other symptoms and signs may be caused by infection.

Cholesterol atheroembolism

various cutaneous signs (a classic cause of "purple toes ^")

progressive renal failure

fever

elevated ESR

eosinophilia may occur

Atrial myxoma. Classic triad:

a. constitutional Sx

b. embolic events

c. obstructive (hemodynamic vasculitis phenomena)

4. Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome

a. especially "catastrophic APA syndrome"

i. renal failure, HBP

ii. organ ischemia

iii. arterial & venous occlusions Vasculitis Syndromes, , giant cell arteritis, temporal arteritis, Takayasu's arteritis

5. TTP. Classic pentad:

a. fever

b. thrombocytopenia

c. microangiopathic anemia

d. renal failure

e. fluctuating neurologic Sx &