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Henoch-Schönlein purpura, also referred to as anaphylactoid purpura is a systemic vasculitis syndrome characterized by palpable purpura (usually distributed over the buttocks and lower extremities), arthralgias, gastrointestinal signs and symptoms, and glomerulonephritis.
Henoch-Schönlein purpura is usually seen in children, age from 4 to 7 years; however, the disease may also be seen in infants and adults. It is not a rare disease.
The presumptive pathogenic mechanism for Henoch-Schönlein purpura is immune-complex deposition. A number of inciting antigens have been suggested including upper respiratory tract infections, various drugs, foods, insect bites.
In pediatric patients, presenting symptoms related to the skin, gut, and joints are present in 50 percent of cases. In adults, presenting symptoms related to the skin are seen in over 70 percent of patients, while initial complaints related to the gut or the joints are noted in fewer than 20 percent of cases.
The prognosis of Henoch-Schönlein purpura is excellent. Most patients recover completely, and some do not require therapy. Treatment is similar for adults and children. When glucocorticoid therapy is required, prednisone is recommended.